MBR MEMBRANES MUNICIPAL WATER REVERSE OSMOSIS WASTEWATER WATER REUSE

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Abstract

In 1998, the Singapore Public Utilities Board (PUB), and the Singapore Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources (MEWR), jointly started a water reclamation study, called the NEWater Study. The original objective of the NEWater study was to examine the suitability of using NEWater, which is wastewater that has gone through microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultraviolet treatment, to supplement Singaporeﾒs raw water supply. Now NEWater is used in different applications, including industrial processes and indirect potable water use. Since the start of the NEWater study, 4 treatment plants have been commissioned and are currently producing NEWater. With the addition of the fifth NEWater treatment plant, 30% of Singaporeﾒs water demand will be met by NEWater (1). Starting in February 2008, Hydranautics and Mitsubishi Rayon Engineering (MRE), under a joint venture, Kathyd, conducted a pilot study with PUB to investigate product water quality and cost-reduction methods for wastewater treated by an integrated membrane bioreactora (MBR) and reverse osmosis (RO) treatment systemb.

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