CONSERVATION POWER WASTE MINIMIZATION WASTEWATER ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE

Download Full Article

Abstract

Water usage in industrial processes is of increasing concern around the world as is concern about the quality of wastewaters discharged from industrial sources. Industrial plants are under pressure from regulatory bodies and environmental interest groups to limit their intake from surface and groundwater sources and to reduce or eliminate the discharge of contaminated wastewaters to the environment. As regulations and environmental sensitivity increase, many plants are considering ways to increase water conservation by recycle and re-use of process and cooling water, including closing the loop by adopting a zero liquid discharge (ZLD) scheme. Evaporation has had and will continue to play an important role in the recovery and re-use of water from industrial wastewater streams. While membrane-based technologies are often used to recover water in recycle/re-use and ZLD schemes, and while membrane science continues to advance, generally membrane-based technologies are limited to treatment of dilute wastewater streams. Once the dissolved salt concentration in a wastewater reaches a few percent by weight, evaporation must be used to achieve further recovery of water and concentration of salts.

Log in or Subscribe to Access the Full Article

To read or download full-length articles you need a subscription to Ultrapure. Please log in or subscribe below.